{"id":420,"date":"2020-07-21T18:00:51","date_gmt":"2020-07-21T22:00:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ajeziorski.ca\/podcast\/?p=420"},"modified":"2022-07-26T23:17:10","modified_gmt":"2022-07-27T03:17:10","slug":"16-open-relationships","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ajeziorski.ca\/podcast\/16-open-relationships\/","title":{"rendered":"16: Open Relationships"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

“Give me liberty, or give me death!” – Patrick Henry<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

We continue our exploration of Contagious Ideas<\/a> with a look at Open Access<\/a> and the movement to reduce\/remove barriers impeding access to scientific research and data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Like many others, we are currently working from home due to the global pandemic<\/a>. While doing so, the concept of Open Access<\/a> has been brought into focus, as we’ve come to appreciate that we have taken our institutional access to scientific journals for granted. For example, the Web of Science database<\/a> discussed during our citation investigation<\/a>, is not viewable without an account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The Open Access logo<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The roots of Open Access<\/a> are in the 1970s and 1980s<\/a>, but interest in reducing the barriers to accessing scientific works grew rapidly during the 1990s with the proliferation of internet access and digital distribution. The term \u201copen access\u201d itself was not formalized until ~2002-2003 through several declarations including the 2003 Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing<\/a> where it was defined as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018free, irrevocable, worldwide, perpetual right of access to, and a license to copy, use, distribute, transmit, and display the work publicly and to make and distribute derivative works, in any digital medium for any responsible purpose, subject to proper attribution of authorship\u2019 <\/em>and from which every article is \u2019deposited immediately upon initial publication in at least one online repository.\u2019<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Freedom is central to any discussion of Open Access, but similar to any discussions of Free Software<\/a>, there are important nuances related to the two concepts often conflated within the concept of \u2018free\u2019<\/em>: \u2018gratis\u2019<\/em> (i.e. free as in beer) and \u2018libre\u2019<\/em> (i.e. free as in speech). Both are relevant to the discussion, as articles and data can be \u2018free\u2019<\/em> to read, without being \u2018free\u2019<\/em> to distribute\/reuse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Freedom isn’t free<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

There are some journals that are fully Open Access (e.g. PLOS ONE<\/a>; for those wondering about the pronunciation, PLOS rhymes with \u2018floss\u2019<\/a>), others provide Open Access to a subset of their articles, while still charging for access to the majority of their content. This has created a variety of terms used to classify the level of access, both with respect to journals and articles, as well as the particular stage of a publication that is considered \u2018open\u2019<\/em> for a specific article (i.e. preprint vs. postprint vs. published article). <\/p>\n\n\n\n